FEDERAL1-ON-1 WITH AWARD-WINNING
HILL AIR FORCE BASE
BY JOSHUA BURNETT
Hill Air Force Base (AFB), located in northern Utah, is remarkable for several reasons. With an annual eco-nomic impact of more than three billion dollars, the base is the largest single-site employer in the state. The 75th Air Base Wing (ABW) oversees 1,000,000 acres and more than 1,700 facilities valued at four billion dollars, making it the sec-ond-largest Air Force base by both population and geographic size. The installation supports the Ogden Air Logistics Com-plex, Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, Air Force Nu-clear Weapons Center, Air Force active duty 388th and Reserve 419th Fighter Wings, and over 50 mission partners that employ more than 21,000 personnel. Hill AFB was recently recognized by the Department of Energy (DOE) at the 2019 Federal Ener-gy and Water Management Awards for their recent energy sav-ings performance contract (ESPC) with Energy Systems Group (ESG) in collaboration with DLA Energy.

The base is no stranger to implementing energy efficiency measures, utilizing the ESPC procurement vehicle to do so. Over the last twenty years, Hill AFB has executed six task orders: three with Honeywell and three with Ameresco.

One of the ESPCs was the first contract under DOE’s alter-native fuels ESPC contracts.  
Ameresco installed a landfill gas plant that runs off of methane sourced from the county land-fill a few miles outside of the base.It produces 2.2 megawatts of electricity and was recognized as a substantial advancement in the base’s support of alternative energy sources.

Other projects include infrared heating, large-scale light-ing, and a small solar array that captures another 211 kilo-watts of electricity.

These contracts were initially executed in the early 2000s and are coming to the end of their lifecycle. One expired last year, and Hill AFB bought out three more to prepare for an-other ESPC. The final two contracts with Ameresco are still active; the most recent ESPC with Energy Systems Group is in the construction phase.

Nickolas King is the base energy manager and is also the contracting officer representative for the ESPC installation. As the single point of contact for ESPC-related issues, all submittals, questions, approvals, commissioning sign off efforts, and day-to-day management of the contracts are his responsibility. He reports directly to the contracting officer at DLA Energy, who provides contracting support. In this inter-view, King shares his experience working on an award-winning energy savings performance contract.
PROJECT STATSTERMCONTRACT VALUEPROJECT TYPEAWARDEDHill AFB receiving their award at the 2019 Federal Energy and Water Management Awards Ceremony (Pictured Left to Right) Alexander Fitz simmons (Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency, DOE), Keith Carvalho (Contracting Officer, DLA Energy), Brian Walsh (Resource Efficiency Manager, Hill AFB), Nickolas King (Base Energy Manager, Hill AFB), Karen Bastian (Energy Conservation Tech/Outreach Coordinator, Hill AFB), Mark Correll (Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Environment, Safety, and Infrastructure), and Rob Ivester (Director, Federal Energy Management Program, DOE). Photo by Department of Energy photographer, Donica PayneESM: What sparked the interest and need to pursue another ESPC within the last couple of years? King: Most of the previous ESPCs were awarded in the early 2000s, and it had been quite a while since we had made any substantial new efforts to increase our energy effi-ciency. We determined that there was a significant op-portunity to utilize new technologies. We knew that a new ESPC was going to come around eventually, and we wanted to be ready, so in 2015 we began the initial work of putting one together. It was a significant effort and took quite a bit of time. When the project was submitted, the initial scope in-cluded over 40 Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs); that is a pretty high number even for a procurement ve-hicle of this size. As we went through and evaluated each proposal, we invested time assessing projects and slowly worked through the list. When the project was awarded, the scope included seven separate ECMs. ESM: When you are sourcing an Energy Service Company (ESCO), what do you look for in a partner? " We try to strike a balance between good stewardship of those resources while achieving the best overall outcome for the project. "King: At the base level, we want someone who has experience in the ECMs we are looking to implement. The landfill gas plant, for example, was the first that the Air Force had ever attempted, so we did not have a lot of exper-tise in that specific technology. Another example is the combined heat and power project. The ESCO showed that they have already built several similar systems and walked us through some of the challenges and solutions they had previously encountered.

In addition to expertise, the cost is a constant priority. We are not the final say on procurement price at the in-stallation level, but we always keep in mind that we are spending tax dollars. We try to strike a balance between good stewardship of those resources while achieving the best overall outcome for the project. We take our due dil-igence seriously to avoid a situation where we have paid a lot of money for something that does not end up working as well as we had expected.

Another thing we look for in a winning bid is a compa-ny that has a well-developed project management team. We have learned the value of having a fully developed commissioning plan in place before the project is award-ed: this should be one of the top priorities and never an afterthought. A good ESCO team is heavily involved throughout the entire process, from project development to commissioning. 
It is not uncommon for engineers who initially worked on project development to be assigned to other tasks; changing the team makeup can present a new challenge.
ESM: What were some key ECMs that set the project apart and led to award-winning results?King: Since we were still in the construction phase when we submitted the project, we submitted it under the Inno-vative Contracting Efforts. What sets the ECMs apart is the inclusion of process-centered ECMs. These efforts affected one of our largest tenants, the Ogden Air Logis-tics Complex, where they perform maintenance on aircraft and aircraft components. We included several ECMs that were directly related to their processes, which required a lot of coordination to ensure the improvements did not negatively impact the workload. One of these ECMs was dip tank improvements, where we installed lids on top of the tanks to allow us to close them off when not in use. This reduced the amount of heating needed in each tank.
Historically, the base has focused on more typical pro-jects. It has become a priority to build energy efficiency into processes. We focused on efficiency within the con-tract itself, taking advantage of opportunities for utility incentives throughout the contract lifecycle. We worked hard with ESG during the project development to iden-tify what those potential energy utility incentives were

PROJECT DOE AWARD RECIPIENTSEnergy Conservation Tech/Outreach Coordinator, Hill AFBContracting Officer, DLA Energy

Base Energy Manager, Hill AFB

Resource Efficiency Manager, Hill AFB

going to be; to date, we have gathered over $600,000 just from lighting improvements alone, and that all goes to help pay for the improvements that we have made.
ESM: ESM: What advice would you give to other military bases that are interested in an energy savings performance contract?King: efore working with your contractor, have a clear definition of the ECM scope. Try and work through as many challenges as possible before you hand it off to the contractor—that will significantly help the IGA
development. We have focused on building our local teams so that we can go out, perform the investigation, and identify the scope and projected savings before we put it out to bid.
Do not get discouraged about some of the internal steps that you have to take. It is a lot of work to execute a pro-ject of this size and complexity. Prepare yourself for the amount of time required to see a project through to com-pletion. The benefits that you can achieve far outweigh the effort you will put into it.
Nickolas King is the Base Energy Manager for the 75th Civil Engineering Group at Hill Air Force Base in Utah. Hill Air Force Base is the Air Force's second largest base by population and geographical size, and fourth largest in energy consumption. The 75th Air Base Wing is the host unit at Hill Air Force Base and oversees 1,000,000 acres and over 1,700 facilities valued at $4B while providing installation support for Ogden Air Logistics Complex, Life Cycle Management Center, Nuclear Weapons Center, 388th and 419th Fighter Wings and more than 50 other mission partners that employee more than 21,000 personnel. The base also has support responsibility for the operation of the Utah Test and Training Range. Located in Utah’s west desert, the airspace is situated over 2.3 million acres of land and contains the largest block of overland contiguous special-use airspace in the continental United States. King has a B.S. in Construction Management with an emphasis in Facilities Management from Weber State University. King has been at Hill since 2006 working in various capacities including environmental remediation, project management, and energy management.INSIDE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
HILL AIR FORCE BASEBY JOSHUA BURNETT
Energy Systems Group (ESG) is an accredited Energy Service Company (ESCO) that provided energy savings performance contracting (ESPC) services to three federal agency projects that were recognized by the Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Management Program (FEMP) in 2019. Two of these occurred on Air Force bases (AFB): Hill AFB in Utah and Eglin AFB in Florida.

Robert Phillips is the lead ESG operations manager for the Hill AFB ESPC. Phillips and his team, led by project man-ager Pat Roemer, strategized, scheduled, and executed the implementation of the seven Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) that make up the 91.1 million-dollar project.

The planning phase involved strategically drafting both a short and long-term schedule that governed both
overall installation efforts as well as timelines for each piece of the project. Roemer recognized that, although the en-tire ESPC effort was a single venture, it consisted of seven mini-projects, each with its own schedule, points of contact, specifications, and budget. He treated each ECM as a stan-dalone project, approaching the overall undertaking as if it was a puzzle. Roemer and his team utilized the critical path method to determine how all of the pieces would fit together most efficiently.

Throughout the planning process, one of the crucial fac-tors the team had to incorporate into their plans was how the ECM implementations impacted the normal operations tempo of the Air Force base. Many areas of the installation involved restricted access for either the building itself or the
"The availability of the work area can prove to be a real challenge. Your daily schedule is impacted by the priority and operation of the base because you can’t stop their process—you have to find ways to work inside of it. "
general area in which the building was located, requiring a tremendous coordination effort. Scheduling could involve a unique point of contact for every step, and timelines were occasionally very strict. Phillips describes the challenges in this way: “The availability of the work area can prove to be a real challenge. Your daily schedule is impacted by the priority and operation of the base because you can’t stop their pro-cess—you have to find ways to work inside of it. Sometimes you can only work at night or on weekends, and occasionally you could only get access during a holiday.”

The ECM priorities were determined by starting with pro-jects that would provide the most immediate savings with the least amount of effort. In this case, the first ECM slated for completion was LED lighting retrofits, which encompassed 300 buildings across the base. Once the LED lighting ret-rofit ECM was underway, the team began the second phase of planning.

The second phase involved a tremendous amount of time and detail for several reasons. First, one of the factors the
team had to take into account was the design aspect of each ECM, which in some cases, could take up to a year to com-plete. Secondly, a handful of ECM’s involved changing a pro-cess; this required incredible attention to detail because a government process was being changed. There was no room for error.

The third phase focused on buyouts. Roemer looked at all of the ECMs and evaluated them based on how long their lead times were, the engineering duration for each one, and how all of the factors impacted pricing. He created an overall priority matrix that determined his team’s buyout approach, and the effort proved to be tremendously successful.

Although the project was both long and complicated, Phil-lips’ guidance ensured success. His “can-do” attitude that treated each obstacle as an opportunity was often the dif-ference between consistently completing project stages on-time and getting bogged down in the details. “You always end up getting a mix of easy and hard, and you work your way through it,” he said.
In addition to the Hill Air Force Base, ESG was also a part of the award-winning efforts at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Glenn Research Center and Eglin Air Force Base. Both re-ceived award recognition at the 2019 Federal Energy and Water Management Awards.
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS
AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

GLENN RESEARCH CENTER
CLEVELAND, OHIO

NASA Glenn Research Center implemented a $14.8 mil-lion energy savings performance contract that includes nine energy and water conservation measures at Lewis Field and Plum Brook Station. This project is exceptional for its scale, site-wide perspective, and broad scope that spans diverse facilities separated by 50 miles, and includes measures to improve heating, ventilation, and air condi-tioning, lighting, and potable water systems. The project is saving 61.8 billion Btu and 7.2 million gallons of water per year. In the first year, the estimated energy, water, and maintenance cost savings totaled $1.2 million.
EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE
EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE, FLORIDA



Eglin AFB awarded a $57.8 million ESPC that includes energy conservation and resilience measures, a microgrid, and solar arrays and combined heat and power systems capa-ble of producing 121 billion Btu annually. As part of the ESPC, Eglin also entered into a unique agreement with Okaloosa Gas District, allowing resilience assets to be supported under the terms of the ESPC contract vehicle. Together the projects are estimated to reduce total electrical consumption by approximately 35%, or 50 billion Btu, and will save nearly $4.4 million annually.


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